Napoleon
Napoleon Complex in Soccer: Study Finds Referees Book Taller Players More Frequently
Referees’ “Napoleon Complex” Leads to More Cards for Taller Players, Study Finds By Roger Dobson | March 30, 2025 [Image: Referee showing a yellow card to a tall player] Football referees are more likely to penalize players taller than themselves due to subconscious biases linked to “Napoleon complex” behavior, according to new research. A study […]